Modulating the activity of the endocannabinoid system influences various gastrointestinal physiological and pathophysiological processes, and cannabinoid receptors as well as regulatory enzymes responsible for the synthesis or degradation of endocannabinoids…
Keyword: Endocannabinoid/s
Endocannabinoids and Gonadal Hormones: Bidirectional Interactions in Physiology and Behavior
Endocannabinoids act as a major neuromodulatory system in a variety of physiological and behavioral functions. Three major lines of evidence suggest that the endocannabinoid system interacts with gonadal hormones. First,…
Cannabinoids and the expanded endocannabinoid system in neurological disorders
Abstract Anecdotal evidence that cannabis preparations have medical benefits together with the discovery of the psychotropic plant cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) initiated efforts to develop cannabinoid-based therapeutics. These efforts have been…
Endocannabinoid Anandamide Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Sphingomyelins on Human Energy Expenditure
Abstract Context: Skeletal muscle endocannabinoids and sphingolipids (particularly sphingomyelins) are inversely associated with sleeping energy expenditure (SLEEP) in humans. The endocannabinoid system may increase sphingolipid synthesis via cannabinoid receptor-1. …
Intestinal P-glycoprotein exports endocannabinoids to prevent inflammation and maintain homeostasis
Abstract Neutrophil influx into the intestinal lumen is a critical response to infectious agents, but is also associated with severe intestinal damage observed in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. The chemoattractant…
The Endocannabinoid-CB Receptor System: Importance for development and in pediatric disease
Abstract Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) and their cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, are present from the early stages of gestation and play a number of vital roles for the developing organism….
Cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the dorsal hippocampus and prelimbic medial prefrontal cortex modulate anxiety-like behavior in rats: Additional evidence
Endocannabinoids (ECBs) such as anandamide (AEA) act by activating cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) or 2 (CB2) receptors. The anxiolytic effect of drugs that facilitate ECB effects is associated with increase…
An endogenous cannabinoid (2-AG) is neuroprotective after brain injury
Traumatic brain injury triggers the accumulation of harmful mediators that may lead to secondary damage1,2. Protective mechanisms to attenuate damage are also set in motion2 . 2- Arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG)…
An entourage effect: inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity
2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol 2-Ara-Gl has been isolated from various tissues and identified as an endogenous ligand for both cannabinoid receptors, CB and CB . Here we report that in spleen, as in…
An Increase in the Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Increases the Risk for Obesity
Abstract In the past three decades, total fat and saturated fat intake as a percentage of total calories has continuously decreased in Western diets, while the intake of omega-6 fatty…